general characteristics
E262 - colorless, white or yellowish crystalline powder. The composition of the substance refers to the sodium salt acetic acid. It occurs in the natural environment as an integral element of plant cells and living organisms. It is released during the fermentation of bacteria in fermented milk products.
Types of food additive E262 and their properties
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Property |
E262i (sodium acetate) |
E262ii (sodium diacetate) |
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White, colorless |
Colorless, white, yellow |
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Odorless or slight vinegary aroma |
The smell of acetic acid |
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Solubility in water |
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Solubility in other substances |
Average in ethanol and ether |
Average in ethanol and ether |
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The amount of the main substance |
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Unflavored or slightly salty |
Unflavored or slightly salty |
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Density |
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pH of aqueous solution |
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Appearance |
Powder, crystals, granules |
crystals |
exist different ways extraction of sodium acetates. Often a chemical reaction is carried out between sodium carbonates and acetic acid. Wood is also distilled with sodium salt of carbonic acid. E262 can be obtained even at home by simply extinguishing soda with vinegar.
Purpose
Sodium acetate retains the shape, taste, aroma and texture of food products, improves the consistency of raw materials and extends shelf life. E262 acts as a preservative, acidity regulator and flavoring agent.
Impact on the health of the human body: benefits and harms
To date, studies of the effect of sodium acetates on the body are ongoing. E262 is considered non-toxic, does not have the properties of a carcinogen and does not lead to serious negative consequences. In this regard, the indicator of the maximum allowable dose was not established. The body is able to process the substance and include sodium ions in mineral metabolism.
The food supplement is contraindicated for people with individual intolerance to acetic compounds. It is also necessary to refrain from using E262 for diseases of the kidneys, liver and intestines.
Prolonged inhalation of sodium diacetate vapors can cause conjunctivitis, skin lesions, allergic reactions, metabolic disorders and irritation of the upper respiratory tract.
An excessive amount of sodium ions leads to a decrease in potassium in the body and disrupts the functioning of the cardiovascular system. The use of sodium acetate in combination with a large amount of table salt is harmful to the elderly and heart disease.
No positive effects of sodium acetates on the body have been found.
Application
E262 is used in the manufacture food products. It serves as a preservative and acidity regulator. Keeps aroma, structure and taste of products. The substance is added to bakery products to protect against so "potato disease" caused by bacteria. The additive improves the taste canned vegetables and fruits. Sodium acetate can also be found in chips (with E262 they are tastier and more aromatic).
Other uses of the substance:
- medicine (in the manufacture of diuretics, antiseptics, painkillers and wound healing agents);
- textile production (during fabric dyeing and leather dressing);
- construction (as an antifreeze component for concrete);
- animal husbandry (preservative for feed and feed grains);
- chemical industry (in the composition of acetic anhydride, dyes, vinyl acetate);
- photographic industry (as an acidic fixative).
Sodium acetate is a constituent of hot ice and is used to make heaters and chemical heating pads.
Table. The content of food additive E262 in products according to SanPiN 2.3.2.1293-03 dated 05/26/2008.
Legislation
E262 is a safe preservative that is approved for use in all countries, including Russia and Ukraine. The world community did not set the maximum allowable dose, since the body can process the substance without restrictions.
The video below shows how to get home version sodium acetate.
food preservative E262 Sodium acetate or sodium acetic acid differs in its properties from other preservatives that are used in the manufacture of food products. It is not capable, unlike the latter, of preventing the development of pathogenic bacteria, but acts as acetates, which are formed during the fermentation of microbiological substances.
Externally food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is a powder white color or crystals that are colorless, i.e. colorless. This additive is obtained from natural raw materials - wood, which is distilled by the dry method.
Sodium acetate is mainly used in the production of various dyes and chemical derivatives such as acetic anhydride and vinyl acetates, as well as in the manufacture of electrolytes, in tanning and dyeing leather.
In medicine, the food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is used as an alkaline agent, while in household practice it is necessary for making hot ice. Often it can be found in the composition of chemical heating pads.
In addition, sodium acetates are suitable for the production of light and fine-grained concrete in the construction of reinforced concrete and concrete structures. E262 is successfully used in the construction of masonry structures in low temperature conditions. The fact is that this substance prevents the concrete mixture from freezing during transportation, as well as during masonry and during compaction.
Harm of food preservative E262 Sodium acetates
Despite such a widespread use of this substance, manufacturers know that the harm of the food preservative E262 Sodium Acetates for the human body is quite likely. In particular, it is not recommended to use products containing E262 for people with diseases of the vegetative-vascular system, intestines, kidneys, liver, as well as in the presence of hypertension, dysbacteriosis and cholecystitis.
The harm of the food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is directly related to the fact that when it enters the digestive tract, it can be converted into especially toxic nitrites and carcinogens. It has been scientifically established that overuse this additive is even likely to develop malignant neoplasms, not to mention severe allergic reactions.
Large doses of this preservative often cause severe poisoning, the main symptoms of which are, as a rule, acute persistent pain in the abdomen, sudden convulsions, along with discoloration of the lips and nails. In addition, dizziness, headaches of an increasing nature, impaired coordination of movement, difficulty breathing, and even short-term loss of consciousness or deep fainting are often observed.
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Food preservative E262 Sodium acetate or sodium acetic acid differs in its properties from other preservatives that are used in the manufacture of food. It is not capable, unlike the latter, of preventing the development of pathogenic bacteria, but acts as acetates, which are formed during the fermentation of microbiological substances.
Externally, food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is a white powder or crystals that are colorless, that is, colorless. This additive is obtained from natural raw materials - wood, which is distilled by the dry method.
Sodium acetate is mainly used in the production of various dyes and chemical derivatives such as acetic anhydride and vinyl acetates, as well as in the manufacture of electrolytes, in tanning and dyeing leather.
In medicine, the food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is used as an alkaline agent, while in household practice it is necessary for making hot ice. Often it can be found in the composition of chemical heating pads.
In addition, sodium acetates are suitable for the production of light and fine-grained concrete in the construction of reinforced concrete and concrete structures. E262 is successfully used in the construction of masonry structures in low temperature conditions. The fact is that this substance prevents the concrete mixture from freezing during transportation, as well as during masonry and during compaction.
Harm of food preservative E262 Sodium acetates
Despite such a widespread use of this substance, manufacturers know that the harm of the food preservative E262 Sodium Acetates for the human body is quite likely. In particular, it is not recommended to use products containing E262 for people with diseases of the vegetative-vascular system, intestines, kidneys, liver, as well as in the presence of hypertension, dysbacteriosis and cholecystitis.
The harm of the food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is directly related to the fact that when it enters the digestive tract, it can be converted into especially toxic nitrites and carcinogens. It has been scientifically established that with excessive use of this supplement, the development of malignant neoplasms is even likely, not to mention severe allergic reactions.
Large doses of this preservative often cause severe poisoning, the main symptoms of which are, as a rule, acute persistent pain in the abdomen, sudden convulsions, along with discoloration of the lips and nails. In addition, dizziness, headaches of an increasing nature, impaired coordination of movement, difficulty breathing, and even short-term loss of consciousness or deep fainting are often observed.
Synonyms Sodium acetate, sodium acetic salt; English sodium acetate, sodium salt of acetic ; German Natriumacetat, Natriumsalz der Essigsaure; fr. acetate de sodium, sel de sodium de l'acide acetique.
CAS№ 127-09-3 (sodium acetate b/w); 6161-90-4 (sodium acetate trihydrate).
Empirical Formula C 2 H 3 O 2 Na (sodium acetate b/w); C 2 H 3 O 2 Na ■ ZN 2 O (sodium acetate trihydrate).
Mol. m. 82.03 (sodium acetate b/w); 136.08 (sodium acetate trihydrate).
Organoleptic properties
Physiochemical properties Chorus. sol. in water; bad sol. in alcohol, ether, hygroscopic. mp 324°C (anhydrous), 58°C (trihydrate).
natural sourceCm. VINEGAR.
Receipt
Metabolism and toxicityCm. ACETIC ACID.
Hygiene standards Chipboard is not limited. Hazards according to GN-98: MPC in the air of the working area 10 mg/m3, hazard class 4. Codex: allowed for mayonnaises, broths and GMP soups. In the Russian Federation, it is allowed in canned fruits and vegetables, bread, and other food products according to TI in an amount according to TI individually or in combination with other acetates (clauses 3.1.18, 3.1.20, 3.2.23 SanPiN 2.3.2.1293-03).
Application Of all the salts of acetic acid in Food Industry practically only sodium diacetate is used.
Other applications: sodium acetate is used in medicine as a diuretic, as a feed, mordant in dyeing fabrics and leather tanning, in photography, in electroplating.
(2 ) SODIUM DIACETATE
Technological functions Preservative, acidity regulator.
SynonymsEnglish. sodium diacetate; German. Natriumdiacetate; fr. diacetate de sodium.
CAS№ 126-96-5.
Empirical Formula C 4 H 7 O 4 Na.
Mol. m. 142,09.
Organoleptic properties Colorless crystals with a slight odor of acetic acid.
Physiochemical properties T pl 328-330°C; pH 1% p-pa 4.5-5. Chorus. sol. in water.
natural sourceCm. ACETIC ACID.
Receipt The interaction of sodium carbonate or caustic soda with acetic acid or its esters, during the dry distillation of wood with sodium carbonate, etc.
Metabolism and toxicityCm. ACETIC ACID.
Hygiene standards Chipboard is not limited. In the Russian Federation, it is allowed in canned fruits and vegetables, bread, and other food products according to TI in an amount according to TI individually or in combination with other acetates (pp. 3.1.18,3.1.20,3.2.23 SanPiN 2.3.2.1293-03) .
Application Of all the salts of acetic acid, practically only sodium diacetate is used. It softens the sour taste of acetic acid in various products, and is used in melting salts. Sodium diacetate and calcium acetate are also used to protect bread from the so-called "potato disease" - spoilage caused by bacteria of the species Bacillus mesentericus. The concentration of diacetate is 0.2-0.4% by weight of the flour. As a means of protecting packaged bread from mold, sodium diacetate is not used.
). In the food industry, the additive E262 is used as a preservative, acidity regulator and flavoring agent.
By their own physical properties, sodium acetates are a colorless crystalline substance with a slight smell of acetic acid. Sodium acetates obtained for industrial purposes may have a hue from light yellow to brown, depending on the impurities present. Additive E262 has low solubility in ethers and alcohols, but at the same time, high solubility in aqueous solutions. Sodium acetate is non-flammable and has low toxicity.
In the food industry, two types of additive E262 are used:
- E262i - sodium acetate, ( Sodium acetate) With chemical formula substances: C 2 H 3 NaO 2;
- E262ii - sodium diacetate or sodium hydroacetate (Sodium diacetate, Sodium hydrogen acetate) with the chemical formula C 4 H 7 NaO 4 H 2 O.
AT industrial scale sodium acetates are prepared in several ways, for example by the reaction of sodium carbonates or hydroxides with acetic acid.
- 2CH 3 COOH + Na 2 CO 3 → 2CH 3 COONa + H 2 O + CO 2
Sodium acetate is often found in nature. It is one of the constituent cells of animals and plants. Sodium acetate is present along with natural acids in most fruits. In addition, it is a product of bacterial fermentation and, therefore, is present in all fermented milk products.
The use of food additive E262 does not lead to any side effects, because acetates are a common component of all body cells. Only a small percentage of people who are allergic to vinegar should avoid E262 additives. It is believed that the average body can process the E262 supplement in any amount, so the maximum daily dose of sodium acetates in Russia has not been established.
In the food industry, the additive E262 is used in the preservation of vegetables and fruits to soften the taste of acetic acid. In addition, by adding sodium acetate along with calcium acetate to a small amount into flour, manufacturers protect against "potato disease" bacteria ( Bacillus mesentericus) its bakery products. Also, the E262 additive is used as a flavoring agent in the production of chips, giving the product a slightly vinegary taste and aroma.
In addition to the food industry, sodium acetates are widely used:
- in medicine - is part of a number of drugs, is used as a diuretic, is used in the production of chemical heating pads;
- in construction - as an additive that improves the antifreeze properties of concrete;
- in chemistry - to obtain various chemical compounds, such as acetic anhydride;
- in photography, electroplating;
- in the textile industry when dyeing fabrics, tanning skins.
Food additive E262 is included in the list of approved food additives in most countries of the world, including Russia and Ukraine.
