MOU "Pervomaiskaya secondary school"
Research
Analysis of food additives in food products. The impact of food additives on human health
The work was done by a student of grade 10 Kinzhalova Anastasia
Head: Kinzhalova M.Yu.
May Day 2011
Introduction
1. Nutritional supplements
2. Harmful additives
3. What manufacturers are hiding
4. Research results
Conclusion
Bibliography
Applications
Introduction
The importance of nutrition in human life reflects the expression of G. Heine “A person is what he eats”, thereby emphasizing the exceptional role of nutrition in the formation of the body, the behavior of the child. The nature of nutrition affects the growth, physical and neuropsychic development of a person, especially in childhood and adolescence. Proper nutrition is an absolutely essential factor for ensuring normal hematopoiesis, vision, sexual development, maintaining the normal state of the skin, and determines the degree of the protective function of the body.
Food additives (PD) are one of the oldest inventions of mankind. They were one of the first achievements of Homo sapiens, which, along with the gift of understanding, received from nature the need for food diversity. Every day, almost every person on the globe uses with food at least one of the most popular PD - salt, sugar, pepper, citric acid.
The history of the use of food additives (acetic and lactic acids, table salt, some spices, etc.) dates back several millennia. However, only in the 19th and 20th centuries did they begin to receive special attention. This is due to the peculiarities of trade with the transportation of perishable and quickly stale goods over long distances, which requires an increase in the shelf life. The demand of the modern consumer for food products with attractive color and smell is provided by flavors, dyes, preservatives, etc.
The life of a modern person is characterized by a noticeable influence of technogenic and anthropogenic factors leading to an increase in food, water and air pollution with foreign substances.
We can safely say that each of us with food, water and air receives several grams of foreign substances that are not food. But nutritional supplements also make a certain contribution. With the expansion of our knowledge of food and the improvement of food production technology, the use of food additives has also grown. This was facilitated by a general change in lifestyle. In our industrial age, a huge number of people are concentrated in cities. The world population has risen sharply. All this required new ways of both processing and distribution of food products, due to which food additives began to be used more and more widely.
The need for them has increased especially in recent times due to the increasing demand for more nutritious and more convenient food products.
But we must not forget that some types of additives, both natural and artificial, are contraindicated for certain groups of people suffering from certain diseases, many of which can cause an allergic reaction of varying severity.
According to domestic and foreign researchers, the prevalence of food allergies worldwide is increasing and varies widely across countries: from 0.01 to 50%. Food allergies usually first develop in childhood. When taking certain foods, cases of anaphylaxis are not uncommon, which is an important social and medical problem, as it is a common reason for patients seeking emergency medical care around the world. According to the US Emergency Medical Service, more than 30,000 food anaphylactic reactions are recorded annually, with 150-200 cases annually accompanied by deaths, the vast majority, as mentioned above, in childhood. It should be noted that among people with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the prevalence of food allergy is higher than among people who do not suffer from these diseases (this figure ranges from 5 to 50%).
Why is the number of diseases associated with the consumption of modern food is steadily growing? Firstly, this is due to the replacement of the traditional nutrition of peoples and nationalities with a system of fast food and food preparation, where the achievements of modern chemistry and biotechnology are used to the maximum extent. The development of painful reactions and food allergies, including, is provoked by factors common to adults and children.
Secondly, this is due to an increase in the permeability of the intestinal mucosa, which is noted in inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, provoked by non-traditional food and those chemical additives that are present in it. The modern pace of life, erratic nutrition, rare or frequent meals lead to a violation of the secretion of the stomach, the development of gastritis, mucus hypersecretion and other disorders that cause the formation of not only food allergies, but also other serious disorders in human health. We must understand that today it is impossible to do without nutritional supplements. But in order to stop the spread of these diseases associated with food intake, it is now necessary to widely inform the population in order to educate citizens and their loved ones to avoid the use of products containing potentially dangerous foods and food additives, as well as training in urgent measures when signs of illness and allergic reactions appear. reactions.
In order to fill the existing gap in public awareness, we decided to find out what food additives contain sweet carbonated drinks, chips, crackers and what effect they have on human health.
Target:
analyze the additives used in the food industry and in particular in the production of carbonated drinks, chips, crackers. To reveal the influence of food additives on the human body.
Tasks :
● study the theoretical material on the classification and characteristics of food additives;
● analyze the chemical composition of common products - chips, crackers, carbonated drinks;
● reveal the knowledge of school students about nutritional supplements;
Object of study: the process of influence of food additives on human health.
Subject of study: food additives in food.
Problem: How food additives used in food production affect human health.
Relevance: Nowadays, the problem of proper nutrition is the most relevant. Hamburgers, chewing gums, chips, crackers, carbonated drinks have become an integral part of our diet. What are these products? How do they affect the human body?
Hypothesis: If the population is comprehensively informed about the impact of food additives on health, then the motivation of people to consume natural foods will increase, and one can expect a decrease in allergic diseases and an improvement in the health of the country's population.
In accordance with the objectives of the study, methods of systematization and generalization of theoretical material, comparative analysis and evaluation of food additives in carbonated drinks, chips, crackers were used. The problem of food additives has recently been widely represented in the literature.
For this work, the book by T.S. Krupina "Food Additives" was used, in which the purpose and classification of food additives are briefly considered and the characteristics of the main food additives are given. In the book of Buldakov A.S. "Food Additives" deals with the problems of using food additives in connection with human health, hygienic regulation, toxicological assessment, effects on the human and animal body, permissible concentrations. The classification of additives adopted in the European Community using E-indices is also given, the features of the use of food additives in baby food are considered, a complete list of names of permitted and prohibited food additives is given, both in the EU countries and in Russia, a brief description of the properties of individual substances is given, English, German and French indexes of names of food additives are given for specialists and all those interested in nutrition problems.
The publication "Food, Taste, Aroma" contains many publications on new food additives for various areas of the food industry. And.
A huge selection of material on this topic is presented on the Internet.
The site presents the requirements for the safety of the use of food additives, the sites and the definition of food additives, their classification, the impact on the human body. The site is dedicated to food additives that are harmful and dangerous to humans. Detailed characteristics of nutritional supplements can be found on the websites,,.
1. Nutritional supplements
Food additives are natural and synthetic chemical compounds that do not represent an energy source like food, are not used in their pure form, but are only added to products to facilitate the technological process, extend the shelf life or give a certain consistency to the final product.
A numbering system has been developed to classify additives. Each additive is assigned a three- or four-digit number preceded by the letter E, the presence of which means that the product (product) is made in Europe. These numbers (codes) are used in combination with the names of functional classes that reflect the group of food additives according to technological functions (subclasses). The letter E and identification number have a clear interpretation, implying that this particular substance has been tested for safety, that there are worked out recommendations for this food additive on its technological necessity, and that purity criteria have been established for this substance. The system is approved by FAO-WHO.
After some E-numbers (the letter E in combination with a three-digit number) there are lowercase letters, for example, E160-carotenes, etc. In this case, we are talking about a class of food additive. Lowercase letters are an integral part of the E number and must be used to indicate a food additive. In some cases, E-numbers are followed by Roman numerals, which clarify differences in the specification of additives of one group and are not an obligatory part of the number and designation (See Appendix 1).
Classification according to purpose according to the proposed system of digital codification of food additives (by main groups) is as follows:
E100-E182 - dyes (color enhancers or restorers);
E200-E299 - preservatives (increase shelf life, sterilize and protect against bacteria);
E300-E399 - antioxidants (restrain oxidation processes);
E400-E499 - stabilizers (retain the consistency of the product);
E500-E599 - emulsifiers;
E600-E699 - flavor and aroma enhancers;
E900-E999 - anti-flamings (anti-foam substances);
E1000 and above - glazing agents, sweeteners for juices and confectionery.
The Russian branch of food ingredients currently has about 1000 items. For food additives, as substances that a person uses throughout life, the following basic requirements are imposed: efficiency, safety and constancy of the composition.
The effectiveness of food additives is determined by the technological feasibility of introducing a particular substance into a food product (improving taste, color, smell, increasing shelf life, etc.).
Safety is established according to a scheme similar to medicinal substances. First, tests are carried out on animals, then the obtained data are transferred to a group of volunteers, which makes it possible to establish the value of the permissible daily intake (ADI) of this food additive.
Quality control of food additives is carried out on the basis of specifications, which in structure represent a pharmacopoeial monograph. Specifications for food additives have been developed by the FAO/WHO Expert Committee since 1956 and are published in the periodically updated Compendium of Food Specifications Additive.
2. Harmful additives
Prohibited additives are additives that have been proven to be harmful to health.
In Russia and other countries, manufacturers add various substances to their products, the use of most of which is prohibited. Permission for the use of these substances in Russia is issued by the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance and regulations and sanitary rules of the Russian Ministry of Health.
The main documents are:
In accordance with the "Supplement to Biomedical Requirements and Sanitary Standards for the Quality of Food Raw Materials and Food Products", a number of additives are prohibited in Russia. (See Annex 2) The permissible content of additives is determined by the Codex Alimentius Commission.
These additives are not only prohibited, but also dangerous to human health. They lead to various diseases:
Malignant tumors E 103, 105, 121, 123, 125, 126, 130, 131, 142, 152, 210, 211, 213-217, 240, 330, 447, 924;
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract E 221-226, 320-322, 338-341, 407, 450, 461-466;
Allergy E 230, 231, 232, 239, 311, 313, 900, 901, 902, 904;
Diseases of the liver and kidneys E 171-173, 320-322.
There are also unauthorized additives, i.e. supplements that have not been tested or are being tested, but the final result is not yet available. Such as E 127, E 154, E 173, E 180, E 388, E 389, E 424.
The most harmful can be considered preservatives and antioxidants. Preservatives disrupt biochemical reactions, as a result, in the environment in which such a drug is present, life becomes impossible and bacteria die, which keeps the product from spoiling longer. A person consists of a huge number of very different cells and has a large mass (compared to a unicellular organism), therefore, unlike unicellular organisms, it does not die from the use of a preservative (in some cases, also because the hydrochloric acid contained in the stomach destroys preservative), however, if a large dose of preservatives enters the human body, the consequences can be very sad.
Preservatives and stabilizers act like antibiotics. There are many harmful additives among the dyes, because the dyes themselves are for the most part 100% synthetic substances.
Stabilizers for the most part are substances of plant or animal origin, for example: E406 - Agar-agar (a product obtained from seaweed and similar in action to gelatin). But still, most of the stabilizers are substances, although they have a natural basis, but chemically " modified".
Emulsifiers are more often represented by mineral substances, for example: E500 - soda (sodium bicarbonate); E507 - hydrochloric acid; E513 sulfuric acid.
Minerals are natural products, therefore, they are familiar to our body, and in most cases the body even needs them (minerals) and contains them in its composition (for example, very concentrated hydrochloric acid in the stomach: pH 0.9 - 1.5) . Do not think that all emulsifiers are harmless. In nature, there are many natural, mineral substances that are poisonous or simply toxic.
3. What manufacturers are hiding
Carbonated drinks
Most manufacturers, when adding food additives to their products, do not list them at all or indicate the name of the substances of which they are composed, which are not clear to most people.
For example , E 950, on the packaging of carbonated drinks it is indicated as acesulfame potassium. It contains methyl alcohol, which worsens the work of the cardiovascular system, and aspartic acid, which has an exciting effect on the nervous system and can, over time, be addictive. A safe dose is not more than 1 gram per day.
E951- aspartame, sweetener. The National Soft Drinks Association (NSDA) filed a protest describing the chemical instability of aspartame: when heated to 30 degrees Celsius, aspartame in soda water breaks down into formaldehyde, methanol and phenylalanine. In the human body, methanol (methyl or wood alcohol) is converted to formaldehyde and then to formic acid. Formaldehyde is a substance with a pungent odor, class A carcinogen. Phenylalanine becomes toxic in combination with other amino acids and proteins. There are 92 documented cases of aspartame poisoning. Symptoms of poisoning: loss of touch, headaches, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, palpitations, weight gain, irritability, memory loss, anxiety, blurred vision, rash, seizures, loss of vision. In addition to aspartame, acesulfame sweeteners are often used. E 950 and sodium cyclomate E 952 .
E 338- phosphoric acid, chemical formula: H3PO4. Appearance - liquid, colorless or with a slight yellow tinge and a slight odor. Fire and explosion hazard. It causes irritation of the eyes and skin, is able to attach calcium ions, wash it out of the bones, which is dangerous for the development of osteoporosis, in which increased bone fragility occurs. Food orthophosphoric acid is used in the production of carbonated water and for the production of salts (powders for making cookies and crackers).
E 211- sodium benzoate, expectorant, food preservative in the production of marmalade, marmalade, melange, sprat, salmon caviar, fruit juices, semi-finished products. Benzoic acid (E 210), sodium benzoate (E 211) and potassium benzoate (E 212) are introduced into some foods as a bactericidal and antifungal agent (jams, fruit juices, marinades and fruit yoghurts). Food additives E210 and E211 can lead to malignant tumors. The fact is that when combined with vitamin C, benzene is formed, which damages the cells of our body and can cause oncology.
Carbon dioxide is one of the main components of carbonated drinks. It is to him that they owe their name. By itself, it is not dangerous, but those who suffer from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract should be careful, because carbon dioxide can provoke indigestion or a pain attack. The fact is that when this gas is combined with water, carbonic acid is formed, which irritates the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines. This acid, on the other hand, is very unstable and decomposes with the formation of initial products: water and carbon dioxide, causing the accumulation of the latter in the intestines.
E 150 d- dye, sugar color 4, obtained by "ammonia-sulfite" technology. Sugar is processed at certain temperatures with the addition of chemicals - in this case, ammonium sulfate is added.
Chips and crackers contain a huge amount of carcinogens
Chips are a genius product. This is when one potato is sold at the price of a kilogram. In order for the potato to crunch, and so that it does not spoil and be tasty, a huge amount of substances has been added to it, including monosodium glutamate ( E621), which is a flavor enhancer. This is a special kind of food taste addiction, that is, the child will never eat normal potatoes, he will always ask for potatoes with a flavor enhancer. According to academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, director of the Research Institute of Carcinogenesis of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences David Zaridze: "Specific taste qualities have a certain addictive effect." Now the taste of chips is the least reminiscent of a real potato. At first glance, there is nothing wrong with crackers, dried bread is a primordially Russian product, but generously sprinkled with preservatives, flavorings and separators, modern crackers have acquired a new property that is unsafe for humans.
Since 2007, the Russian Ministry of Health has banned the sale of crackers and chips in school canteens. The number of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract among schoolchildren is growing exponentially. The main reason is the general fascination of children with dry food. Swedish scientists have found that foods such as chips and crackers contain a huge amount of dangerous carcinogens, in particular acrylamide. There is nothing wrong with frying itself, but those oils on which they are fried and used multiple times, that is, it is impossible to do multiple frying of products in the same oil, because the oil forms very strong toxic carcinogens.
The taste qualities of chips and crackers are achieved through the use of various flavors.(although manufacturers for some reason call them spices). Therefore, there are all kinds of “chips” and “cracker” varieties, as they say, “for an amateur”. There are even fruit chips with flavors and smells of pineapple, apple, banana. There are even cell phone flavored chips. I wonder what "spices" are used for this?
There are also chips without flavors, ie. with its natural taste, but according to statistics, most of our compatriots prefer to eat chips with additives: cheese, bacon, mushrooms, caviar. Is it worth saying today that in fact there is no caviar - its taste and smell were given to chips with the help of flavorings. Most hope is that the taste and smell is obtained without the use of synthetic additives, if the chips smell like onions or garlic. Still, the chances are slim. Most often, the taste of chips is artificial. The same is true for crackers. The familiar letters “E” indicated in the composition of the product and chips and crackers will help you make sure of this. What is included in almost all chips and crackers?
Monosodium glutamate- food additive to enhance the taste. It is a white powder. highly soluble in water. Accumulating in the body can cause severe asthma attacks. It has been proven that this supplement causes Alzheimer's disease and quite serious changes in the psyche of a depressive direction. In an adult, this is chronic fatigue syndrome, and in a child, this is hyperactivity.
Acrylamide- white or transparent crystalline substance, soluble in water. It is known to damage the nervous system and, according to oncologists, is the cause of genetic mutations and tumor formation in the abdominal cavity. Acrylamide is formed in the process of heating carbohydrate-rich foods, and if the products are cooked, carcinogens are not formed at all, but during frying, acrylamide is produced very actively.
The Ministry of Health has banned the sale of chips and sodas in school cafeterias and cafes. Doctors explain their decision by the fact that the number of children with digestive diseases in 2003 compared to 1991 increased by almost one and a half times, and with diagnoses of gastritis, duodenitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers - twice. And it's all because of unhealthy food.
And then the Swedish scientists added fuel to the fire. They found that potato chips, french fries and hamburgers contain so many carcinogens that those who like to chew them are practically doomed to cancer. We are talking about the carcinogen acrylamide. Previously, it was believed that it is contained only in water, so the maximum allowable concentration of this substance is set only for it. But it turned out that in an ordinary bag of chips, a “dose” of acrylamide is also found. And moreover, it exceeds the maximum allowable concentration by 500 times! After doing a series of experiments, scientists found that when carbohydrates - one of the main components of foods such as rice, potatoes and flour products - are heated to a high temperature, a substance called acrylamide is formed. The US Environmental Protection Agency considers acrylamide to be a moderate carcinogen. According to the International Agency for Cancer Research, acrylamide causes gene mutations. As a result of experiments on animals, it was found that acrylamide causes malignant tumors of the stomach. It is also known to cause damage to the central and peripheral nervous system. According to the information service of the Swedish radio "Echo", in order for the borderline amount of harmful substances to be in the human body, it is enough to eat 0.5 g of potato chips or 2 g of french fries per day.
4. Research results
We conducted a sociological survey among students of the eighth and ninth grades, in which 50 people took part, containing the following questions:
1. When buying products, do you pay attention to their composition?
2. Do you know how nutritional supplements are deciphered using the index E?
3. Do you know how they affect your health?
This sociological survey showed that more than 80% of respondents (41 respondents) do not pay attention to the composition of products and do not know how additives are deciphered, and about 60% (29 respondents) do not know about their effect on the body.
Diagram 1
Also in the course of the research work, a survey was conducted among students in grades 9-11. 85 people took part in the survey, they were asked to answer the following questions:
1. Do you like carbonated drinks, crackers, chips, etc.?
2. How often do you drink carbonated drinks?
3. Do you use ready-to-cook and instant products (soup blocks, mashed potatoes, etc.) for cooking at home?
The analysis of the survey showed that all the students we interviewed (100%) use certain foods in their diet, 91% of the students answered that they are very fond of carbonated drinks, chips, crackers. Of these, 67% use sparkling water and 56% crackers and chips very often (almost every day).
However, 87% noted that they and their parents use semi-finished and instant products (Rolton noodles, soup briquettes, mashed potatoes, etc.) when preparing home-cooked food.
Diagram 2
Using the information provided on the labels, we investigated the food additives used in the production of crackers, chips and soda. The results are shown in tables 1, 2.3
Table 1 Analysis of the qualitative composition of crackers
table 2 Analysis of the qualitative composition of chips
Table 3 Analysis of the qualitative composition of carbonated drinks
According to the results of the analysis of the medical records of students of our school, we found that in our school 66 out of 425 people suffer from chronic diseases, such as: cardiovascular diseases, allergies, diseases of the urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract. This is 13% of students.
Diagram 3 Analysis of chronic diseases in school
As a result of the study of samples of carbonated drinks, food additives such as E 211 - sodium benzoate, E 338 - phosphoric acid, sweeteners E 951, E 952, E 953, carbon dioxide were found, which can lead to serious diseases.
As a result of the study of samples of chips and crackers, a high content of flavors and flavor enhancers was revealed, such as E 621 - monosodium glutamate, 551 - silicon dioxide, E 631 - sodium inosinate and many others.
Significance of the study
Systematized theoretical material on food additives in food.
A relationship has been established between the food additive and its effect on the human body.
The main food additives used in the production of carbonated drinks, chips, crackers have been identified.
A booklet on nutritional supplements has been developed.
Conclusion
1. You need to understand that today you can’t do without food additives, so you shouldn’t be afraid of the letter “E” on the label.
2. Pay attention to the labeling and expiration date of the product.
3. Don't let "natural" or "identical" colors and flavors fool you, but the long list of E-additives should alert you.
4. If you are prone to allergic reactions, eliminate from your diet foods containing additives that cause allergies.
5. Use fast foods only in emergencies.
6. Try to eat less products with a long shelf life (smoked, canned).
7. Use only natural products for feeding infants and young children.
8. Try to use sweet soda, chips and crackers as little as possible.
After studying the material, we found out that there are products on the market that contain dangerous and safe food additives.
After analyzing the labels, we found that not all products have information about the nutritional supplements they contain, but very dangerous ingredients were found in some products.
Having discovered a large list of harmful food additives in chips, crackers, carbonated drinks, recommendations were developed for the use of these products, booklets were developed and published.
Bibliography
1. T.S. Krupina. Nutritional supplements. M.: Sirinprema, 2006
2. Buldakov A. Food additives. M.: "DeLi print" 2003
3. Lidina L.V. New additives for various areas of the food industry. J-l - Food, taste, aroma, issue 3, 2001
4. Burdun N.I. Who's afraid of the letter E? Food additives in food. Zh-l - Food, taste, aroma, issue 1, 2001.
5. http://www.rosapteki.ru/arhiv/detail.php?ID=949
6. http://www.motherclub.info/2007/01/01/pishhevy
7. http://www.pazanda.uz/node/376
8.http://neways.kzd.ru/articles.php?articlesid=65
9..htt://www.narodvlast.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=321&Itemid=38
Applications
Annex 1
Nutritional supplements
Appendix 2
Prohibited Additives
| Name | Designation | Forbidden |
| Dyes | E 100 - E 182 | E 103, 107, 121, 123, 125, 128, 140, 153-155, 160d, 160F, 166. |
| preservatives | E 200 - E 299 | E 209, 213-219, 225-228, 230-233, 237, 238, 240, 241, 263, 264, 282, 283. |
| Antioxidants | E 300 - E 399 | E 302, 303, 308-314, 317, 318, 323-325, 328, 329, 343-345, 349-352, 355-357, 359, 365-368, 370, 375, 381, 384, 387-390 , 399. |
| Stabilizers | E 400 - E 499 | E 403, 408, 409, 418, 419, 429-436, 441-444, 446, 462, 463, 465, 467, 474, 476-480, 482-489, 491-496 |
| Emulsifiers | E 500 - E 599 | E 512, 518, 521, 523, 535, 537, 538, 541, 542, 550, 554-557, 559-560, 574, 577, 580 |
| Amplifiers | E 600 - E 699 | E 622-625, 628, 629, 632-635, 640, 641 |
| Defoamers | E 900 - E 999 | E 906, 908, 909-911, 913, 916-919, 922-923, 924d, 925, 926, 929, 943a, 923b, 944-946, 957, 959 |
| Glazing agents | E 1000 and above | E 1001, 1503, 1521 |
Appendix 3
food additive synthetic health
List of hazardous additives and their effects.
Dangerous dyes: E102, E110, E120, E124.
Carcinogens: E103, E105, E110, E121, E123, E125, E126, E130, E131, E142, E152, E153, E210, E211, E213 - E217, E231, E232, E240, E251, E252, E321, E330, E431, E447, E900, E905, E907, E952, Aspartame.
Mutagenic and genotoxic: E104, E124, E128, E230 - E233, Aspartame.
Allergens: E131, E132, E160b, E210, E214, E217, E230, E231, E232, E239, E311 - E313, Aspartame.
Undesirable for asthmatics: E102, E107, E122 - E124, E155, E211 - E214, E217, E221 - E227.
Undesirable for people sensitive to aspirin: E107, E110, E122 - E124, E155, E214, E217.
Affect the liver and kidneys: E171 - E173, E220, E302, E320 - E322, E510, E518.
Thyroid dysfunction: E127.
Lead to skin diseases: E230 - E233.
Irritation of the intestines: E220 - E224.
Indigestion: E338 - E341, E407, E450, E461, E463, E465, E466.
Incorrect fetal development: E233.
It is forbidden for infants, undesirable for small children: E249, E262, E310 - E312, E320, E514, E623, E626 - E635.
It is almost impossible to find products on store shelves that do not contain nutritional supplements. They even put them in bread. An exception is natural food - meat, cereals, milk and greens, but even in this case, you cannot be sure that they do not contain chemistry. For example, fruits are often treated with preservatives, which allows them to preserve their presentation for a long time.
Food additives are synthetic chemical or natural substances that are not consumed on their own, but are only added to foods to impart certain qualities, such as taste, texture, color, smell, shelf life and appearance. There is a lot of talk about the expediency of their use and the effect on the body.
The phrase "food additives" scares many. People began to use them many thousands of years ago. This does not apply to complex chemicals. We are talking about table salt, lactic and acetic acid, spices and spices. They are also considered food additives. For example, carmine, a dye derived from insects, has been used since biblical times to give foods a purple color. Now the substance is called E120.
Until the 20th century, only natural additives were used in the production of products. Gradually, such a science as food chemistry began to develop and artificial additives replaced most of the natural ones. The production of quality and taste improvers was put on stream. Since most nutritional supplements had long names that were difficult to fit on one label, a special labeling system was developed by the European Union for convenience. The name of each nutritional supplement began to begin with "E" - the letter means "Europe". It should be followed by numbers that show the species belongs to a certain group and indicate a certain additive. Subsequently, the system was finalized, and then it was adopted for the international classification.
Classification of food additives by codes
Acidity regulators, sweeteners, leavening agents and glazing agents are included in all of the above groups.
The number of nutritional supplements is growing every day. New effective and safe substances are replacing the old ones. For example, complex additives, which consist of a mixture of additives, have recently become popular. Every year, the lists of permitted additives are updated with new ones. Such substances after the letter E have a code greater than 1000.
Classification of food additives by application
- Dyes(E1…) - designed to restore the color of products that is lost during processing, to increase its intensity, to give a certain color to food. Natural dyes are extracted from roots, berries, leaves and flowers of plants. They can also be of animal origin. Natural dyes contain biologically active, aromatic and flavoring substances, give the food a pleasant appearance. These include carotenoids - yellow, orange, red; lycopene - red; annatto extract - yellow; flavonoids - blue, purple, red, yellow; chlorophyll and its derivatives - green; sugar color - brown; carmine is purple. There are dyes obtained synthetically. Their main advantage over natural ones is rich colors and long shelf life.
- preservatives(E2…) - designed to extend the shelf life of products. Often acetic, benzoic, sorbic and sulfurous acid, salt and ethyl alcohol are used as preservatives. Preservatives can be antibiotics - nisin, biomycin and nystatin. Synthetic preservatives must not be added to mass-produced food - baby food, fresh meat, bread, flour, etc.
- Antioxidants(E3…) - prevent spoilage of fats and fat-containing products, slow down the oxidation of wine, soft drinks and protect fruits and vegetables from browning.
- Thickeners(E4 ...) - added to preserve and improve the structure of products. They allow you to give the food the desired consistency. Emulsifiers are responsible for plastic properties and viscosity, for example, thanks to them, bakery products do not stale longer. All permitted thickeners are of natural origin. For example, E406 () - extracted from seaweed, and used in the manufacture of pates, creams and ice cream. E440 (pectin) - from apples, citrus peels. It is added to ice cream and jelly. Gelatin is of animal origin, its source is the bones, tendons and cartilage of farm animals. Starches are obtained from peas, sorghum, corn and potatoes. Emulsifier and antioxidant E476, E322 (lecithin) are extracted from vegetable oils. Egg whites are natural emulsifiers. Recently, synthetic emulsifiers have been used more in industrial production.
- Flavor enhancers(E6 ...) - their purpose is to make the product tastier and more aromatic. To improve the smell and taste, 4 types of additives are used - aroma enhancers, taste enhancers, acidity regulators and flavoring agents. Fresh foods - vegetables, fish, meat have a pronounced aroma and taste, because they contain a lot of nucleotides. Substances enhance the taste by stimulating the endings of the taste buds. During processing or storage, the number of nucleotides decreases, so they are obtained artificially. For example, ethyl maltol and maltol enhance the perception of creamy and fruity aromas. Substances give a fat sensation to low-calorie mayonnaise, ice cream and yogurt. The well-known monosodium glutamate, which has. There is a lot of controversy about sweeteners, especially aspartame, known for being almost 200 times sweeter than sugar. It is hidden under the marking E951.
- Flavors- they are divided into natural, artificial and identical to natural. The former contain natural aromatic substances extracted from vegetable raw materials. These can be distillers of volatile substances, water-alcohol extracts, dry mixes and essences. Flavors identical to natural are obtained by isolating from natural raw materials, or by chemical synthesis. They contain chemical compounds found in raw materials of animal or vegetable origin. Artificial flavors include at least one artificial component, and may also contain identical natural and natural flavors.
Despite the fact that the apple contains many substances that are included in the list of food additives, it cannot be called a dangerous product. The same applies to other products.
Consider some of the popular, but useful supplements.
- E100 -. Helps control weight.
- E101 - riboflavin, aka vitamin B2. Takes an active part in the synthesis of hemoglobin and metabolism.
- E160d -. Strengthens immunity.
- E270 - lactic acid. Has antioxidant properties.
- E300 - ascorbic acid, it is also vitamin C. It helps to increase immunity, improves skin condition and brings many benefits.
- E322 - lecithin. It supports immunity, improves the quality of bile and blood formation processes.
- E440 -. Cleanse the intestines.
- E916 - calcium iodate. It is used to enrich food with iodine.
Neutral food additives - relatively harmless
- E140 - chlorophyll. Plants turn green.
- E162 - betanin - red dye. It is extracted from beets.
- E170 - calcium carbonate, if simpler - ordinary chalk.
- E202 - potassium sorbitol. It is a natural preservative.
- E290 - carbon dioxide. It helps to turn an ordinary drink into a carbonated one.
- E500 - baking soda. The substance can be considered relatively harmless, since in large quantities it is capable of affecting the intestines and stomach.
- E913 - lanolin. It is used as a glazing agent, especially in the confectionery industry.
Thanks to the research of specialists, changes are regularly made to the lists of allowed and prohibited additives. It is advisable to constantly monitor such information, since unscrupulous manufacturers, in order to reduce the cost of goods, violate production technologies.
Pay attention to additives of synthetic origin. formally they are not prohibited, but many experts consider them unsafe for humans.
For example, monosodium glutamate, which is hidden under the designation E621, is a popular flavor enhancer. You can't call it harmful. Our brains and hearts need it. When the body lacks it, it can produce the substance on its own. With an excess of glutamate, it can have a toxic effect, and more of it goes to the liver and pancreas. It can be addictive, cause allergic reactions, and damage the brain and vision. The substance is especially dangerous for children. Packages usually do not indicate how much monosodium glutamate is contained in the product. Therefore, it is better not to abuse food containing it.
The safety of the E250 additive raises doubts. The substance can be called a universal additive, since it is used as a dye, antioxidant, preservative and color stabilizer. Despite the fact that the harm of sodium nitrate has been proven, most countries continue to use it. It is part of the sausage and meat products, it can be present in herring, sprats, smoked fish and cheeses. Sodium nitrate is harmful for those who suffer from cholecystitis, dysbacteriosis, have problems with the liver and intestines. Once in the body, the substance is converted into strong carcinogens.
Among synthetic dyes, it is almost impossible to find safe ones. They are capable of exerting mutagenic, allergenic and carcinogenic effects.
Antibiotics used as preservatives cause dysbacteriosis and can cause intestinal diseases. Thickeners tend to absorb substances, both harmful and beneficial, which can interfere with the absorption of minerals and components needed by the body.
The use of phosphates can impair the absorption of calcium, which threatens the development of osteoporosis. Saccharin can cause bladder tumors, and aspartame can compete with glutamate in terms of harmfulness. When heated, it turns into a powerful carcinogen, affects the content of chemicals in the brain, is dangerous for diabetics and has many detrimental effects on the body.
Health and nutritional supplements
Over the long history of existence, nutritional supplements have proven useful. They have played a significant role in improving the taste, shelf life and quality of products, as well as in improving other characteristics. There are many additives that can not have the best effect on the body, but it would also be wrong to ignore the benefits of such substances.
Very popular in the meat and sausage industry, sodium nitrate, known as E250, despite the fact that it is not so safe, prevents the development of a dangerous disease - botulism.
It is impossible to deny the negative impact of food additives. Sometimes people, seeking to extract the maximum benefit, create inedible, from the point of view of common sense, products. Humanity gets many diseases.
- Study food labels and try to choose those that contain a minimum of E.
- Do not purchase unfamiliar products, especially if their composition is rich in additives.
- Avoid products containing sugar substitutes, flavor enhancers, thickeners, preservatives, and colorants.
- Give preference to natural and fresh products.
Nutritional supplements and human health are concepts that are beginning to be linked more and more often. A lot of research is being carried out, as a result of which many new facts are revealed. Modern scientists believe that the increase in the diet of artificial additives and the decrease in the consumption of fresh products is one of the main reasons for the increase in cases of cancer, asthma, obesity, diabetes and depression.
The vast majority of products in our time can not do without food additives. Today we will consider the question of how these very additives affect our body. And finally, we will find out what kind of strange characters are written in the composition of the goods that we buy.
The fact is that the effect of food additives is very individual - each organism reacts to these components in its own way. It can be allergic reactions and individual intolerance to the substance. One thing is for sure - no artificial food additive can benefit the human body. They are either harmless or adversely affect the functioning of individual organs or the entire body as a whole.
Below are the groups of the most dangerous food additives:
- Dyes: E103; E105; E123; E121; E125; E130; E126; E142; E131; E153; E172; E171; E173. A large number of dyes in sweet soda, ice cream (except cream), lollipops. The risk of developing malignant tumors. It also adversely affects the liver and kidneys.
- Preservatives: E210; E211; E213-217; E221-226; E230; E231; E232; E239; E240. Contained in canned food (any) - mushrooms, jams, compotes, stew, etc. In large quantities, they can lead to acute diseases of the gastrointestinal system and cause allergic reactions.
- Antioxidants: E311; E312; E313. They are mainly present in fermented milk products, sausage, yogurt, chocolate, sweets, butter. Badly affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Thickeners and Stabilizers: E407; E447; E450; E461; E462; E463; E464; E465; E466. Contained mainly in jam, condensed milk, jams, chocolate cheese, etc. Negatively affect the liver, kidneys and stomach.
- Defoamers: E924a; E924b. It is found in all carbonated drinks, both in sweet and in ordinary mineral water. Increase the chance of developing malignant tumors.
Perhaps this is a complete list of the main food additives dangerous to humans. Of course, it will not be possible to completely eliminate them from the diet, but we strongly recommend once again to refrain from using them.
In addition, there are also harmless foods. ext. Some even talk about their benefits, but this is not so. It is good to exercise and eat healthy food. And these substances only have a neutral effect on the body. Here are some of them:
- Antioxidant: E-338 - obtained grape skins.
- Stabilizer: E-450 - phosphate.
- natural supplements: E101; E163; E260; E330; E363; E334; E375; E620; E160a; E920; E300 - obtained from ordinary apples.
In general, in the end, I would like to repeat that, ideally, you need to eat exclusively natural products and drink clean water from a well, but in the modern world, living in the city, this is not possible. Therefore, try to limit yourself from various carbonated and sugary drinks, canned food and sweets.
Today, proper nutrition and health care are becoming more and more fashionable, so more and more people are wondering about the quality of the products that are on the shelves of our stores and about the nutritional supplements they contain.
We are so accustomed to the bright pink color of sausages or milk that does not sour for weeks, that often people do not think that this is simply unnatural for a natural product and is the result of adding “E” additives to them.
What is E nutritional supplements?
Many years ago, as fabulous as it may sound, the names of nutrients added to foods had to be spelled out in full, which required a lot of space. Accordingly, in 1953 they came up with special codes for such long names of nutritional supplements.
For the first time this was done in European countries, hence the E index, which began to denote the presence of certain food additives in food. There is a certain table of food additives, which lists some of their classification, the division of additives into groups.
Let's briefly consider what the "E" food additives mean and whether they have a negative effect on the human body.
Additives under the numbers E 100 and up to E 182 - are dyes, which are added almost everywhere: both in sausages and in ordinary soda, making the color of the product incredibly attractive.
Of course, these dyes - most of them are not harmless, and such as, for example, E 121 and E 123 generally carry a mortal threat and are completely prohibited for use.
To keep food as long as possible, manufacturers use food additives such as preservatives. They start with the number E 200. Harmful stabilizers found in food simply kill the live bacteria of those products that flaunt on store shelves, making it possible to extend their shelf life.
It is this group of additives that is recognized as the most harmful, because preservatives can damage the biochemical reactions of the human body. There are even preservatives that are identical to the action of antibiotics.
Starting from the E 300 number, antioxidants are encrypted, as well as substances that regulate the acidity of the product, and antioxidants. They function in the same way as preservatives.
After indexing E400 and up to E 430 there are thickeners and stabilizers, which have a strong influence on the density and saturation of food products, making them the same highly stable regardless of the time factor. At best, stabilizers can be additives of animal or vegetable origin.
For example, agar-agar is made from seaweed. However, in most cases, stabilizers of a chemical nature of origin are used in food products, which does not have a good effect on our health. Therefore, they fall under the label of harmful food additives.
When we see indexes starting from E 520 on the packaging of products, then we should know that the product contains baking powder, and if we see indices from E 620 to E 642, then we are dealing with a variety of flavor-enhancing additives, flavorings, which just like natural ones.
All of the above is only a short list showing the negative impact of food additives on the human body.
Man has always sought to simplify his life, but, unfortunately, people are becoming more and more vain, constantly on the move. We have less and less time to cook our meals from homemade products or simply by ourselves.
Because of this, we resort to semi-finished products or already finished products, but hiding a deadly threat to our lives. The effect of harmful food additives on our body is comparable only to a time bomb.
To date, we are unlikely to see at least one single product in the supermarket that does not contain a single additive. Let's see what consequences "E" additives can lead to.
So, if we use a lot of canned food from the store, then the nutritional supplements contained there can lead to the appearance of malignant tumors, as well as kidney and liver diseases. The gastrointestinal tract also suffers greatly.
Store-bought jams, preserves, condensed milk contain a lot of thickeners. There is also a blow to the liver, kidneys and stomach.
For some reason, we all love them since childhood, but we all already know that carbonated drinks are very harmful to use systematically and constantly, since they contain a large amount of baking powder, sweeteners, as well as glazers and defoamers in bakery products. All this can also provoke the appearance of malignant tumors.
As for antioxidants, they are present in fermented milk products, sweets such as chocolate, even in butter. Again, the gastrointestinal tract suffers.
Everyone's favorite children's sweets, such as candy canes, the same carbonated sweet drinks, ice cream (not white, but colored) also have harmful effects, such as dyes. Unfortunately, these are not natural harmless dyes, but those that lead to diseases of the kidneys, liver and gastrointestinal tract.
Try to avoid eating any kind of smoked meats, hard cheeses from stores, fish in tins, as they add sodium and potassium nitrates. Such products also primarily adversely affect the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, acting on the human body in a toxic way: simply destroying the above organs.
Fans of chips, crackers, croutons, croissants and all kinds of ketchups and sauces will be a little disappointed to learn that their favorite food contains a lot of flavor and aroma enhancers. And such additives destroy the central nervous system, and also impair our vision, negatively affecting the retina.
If you think that food additives are all that terrible result of the chemical industry of the twenty-first century, then you are a little mistaken, because even our ancestors used additives in ancient times to extend the shelf life of products or to color them in the desired color.
But there is a big difference between ancient nutritional supplements and modern ones. Then, for example, salt was used to preserve meat or fish, while vegetables were stored in a vinegar marinade. Today, people use not natural, but artificially derived nutritional supplements in very large quantities and almost everywhere.
First of all, the golden rule is to avoid getting products with an “E” index into your kitchen. To do this, you need to carefully examine the product label, its appearance, release date and shelf life. Of course, we are not too lazy to pay attention to the composition of the product, we look at the country of origin.
Often such a harmful substance as a transgene gets into soybeans, potatoes, rice, corn, beets, tomatoes, wheat, and even melons and watermelons.
Another useful tip would be home cooking. If you are not too lazy and can bake the same bread or cake yourself, then for sure there will be much less or no harmful substances in it at all, and your relatives will appreciate your efforts with pleasure!
A person who cares about his health and longevity should simply give up store-bought pastries, sweets, sausages, and, of course, fast food. And even more so, you can safely cook it yourself at home. But how wonderful it will be to realize that you yourself have prepared this healthy mayonnaise or such a delicious and nutritious burger!
As for plant products, vegetables or fruits, it is better to buy them somewhere in local villages, or from friends in the country. Yes, they may not be as attractive, or you will spend money on gasoline to get to the right place to purchase the right vegetables, but you will be 100% sure that the vegetation is not treated with chemicals and you will definitely not end up in the hospital with poisoning.
Beware of products with a long shelf life or very cheap ones. This is the first sign that there are preservatives and in large quantities.
Without a doubt, food prepared artificially is both cheaper and more convenient to use. But try for a moment to think about how food is digested in the body, how your internal organs are affected by certain harmful chemicals that seem so “sweet” to taste.
And then just sit down and think over your new diet, where you will minimize products with harmful food additives or even get rid of them forever, while maintaining your most valuable thing - life and its quality!
E-supplements - their effect on the human bodyAn important problem for human health is the addition of preservatives and food colorings to food, many of which have not yet been identified. This means that their effect on the body has not yet been accurately established.
We often drink different drinks - Fanta, Pepsi-Cola, drinks made from dry concentrates. But, probably, few people know that you can clean copper coins with a phantom, “cook” jeans in Pepsi-Cola, and paint egg shells with dry concentrates.
Coming to the store, we are constantly faced with various imported products, which include various food additives: preservatives, dyes, emulsifiers, etc. The purchase and delivery to Russia or the production of low-quality products are profitable, as they bring considerable income. But it turns out that this is not enough. Huge incomes for Western firms are brought by the production and supply of refined (purified) products.
Refining products that are easily digestible by the body does not mean at all, as it is believed, an increase in their biological value. On the contrary, during refining, dietary fiber, mineral salts, and vitamins that are essential for the body disappear. This is not a mistake at all, but a purposeful desire of the countries producing these products to rid their population of them and get super profits through our government officials and medically illiterate entrepreneurs who are ready to poison their people for a profit.
According to most experts, the use of refined products can provoke the occurrence of diseases or aggravate the course of existing diseases, such as obesity, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, gallstone disease and malignant neoplasms. Before purchasing a product, look at what preservatives it contains used. Many of them are harmful (and very) to health, with such additives in developed countries it is forbidden to sell products, so manufacturers sell these products in other countries where the legislation protecting the consumer is not so strict, and buyers are not spoiled for choice of products or simply do not know about it. harmful additives.
Real "yellow" cheese E from 100 to 199 - dyes. Color plays an important role in our perception of food. Back in the 70s, psychologists conducted a curious experiment. Its participants were offered to taste a steak with fried potatoes. It tasted quite good, but after a special backlight was turned on and the steak turned blue and the potatoes turned green, some participants in the experiment felt bad ... Since then, cheese shelves in supermarkets have been illuminated in yellowish color to make it seem even more yellow and attractive, and a dye is added to almost all types of sausages, giving the meat a soft pink color. You will not buy an unsightly gray sausage, despite the fact that this is the natural shade of boiled meat. How they influence. Products with red and yellow dyes, such as E102 tartrazine, often cause food allergies. This dye is used in sweets, ice cream, confectionery, drinks. E127 has a toxic effect, provoking thyroid diseases.
Store almost forever E from 200 to 299 - preservatives. Preservatives increase the shelf life of products, protect them from microbes, fungi, bacteriophages. Sterilizing additives stop the fermentation process of wines.
How influence.
The infamous sodium nitrites and nitrates are E250 and E251. They are still used everywhere, despite the fact that they cause a variety of allergic and inflammatory reactions, headache, hepatic colic, irritability and fatigue.
Substances designated by the code E231 and E232 are harmful to the skin. These additives are used in the production of various sausages, meat products with a long shelf life and canned food. Dyes and preservatives have a bad effect on the immune system and disrupt the natural intestinal microflora. And functional disorders of the intestine sometimes lead to oncological and cardiovascular pathologies. Metabolism and liver suffer. By the way, the chief sanitary doctor of Russia, Gennady Onishchenko, banned the use of additives with the index E216 and E217 in our country in order to prevent the threat of the emergence of mass non-communicable diseases (poisoning) of the population. Scientists speak more harshly - these substances can provoke the occurrence of malignant tumors. Previously, these additives were used in the production of meat and confectionery products. E from 300 to 399 - antioxidants. Antioxidants (they are also called antioxidants) slow down the oxidative process in fat and oil emulsions. Fats thus do not deteriorate and do not change their color over time. How do they influence. Allergics and asthmatics should not use the antioxidant E311. An asthma attack can also be provoked by additives E320 and E321 (included in some fatty foods and chewing gums). E320 also retains water in the body and increases cholesterol levels. And this, in turn, adversely affects the functioning of the liver and the cardiovascular system.
The thicker, the better E from 400 to 499 - thickeners, stabilizers. Thickeners and stabilizers increase viscosity. Almost always they are added to products with low fat content - mayonnaise and yogurt. So, a thick consistency creates the illusion of a "quality product". How do they influence. They can provoke diseases of the digestive system. E from 500 to 599 - emulsifiers. Emulsifiers create a homogeneous mixture of immiscible products such as water and oil. How influence. Negatively affect the liver, cause indigestion. Emulsifiers E510, E513 and E527 are especially dangerous in this respect.
Meat flavored noodles E from 600 to 699 - flavor enhancers. Flavor enhancers are a real find for manufacturers. Still would! "Miracle seasoning" allows you to save on natural meat, poultry, fish, mushrooms, seafood. A few crushed fibers of a natural product or even its extract are added to the dish, generously flavored with an amplifier, and - voila - a "real" taste is obtained. The additive successfully masks the low quality of the original product, such as old or low-grade meat. There is a flavor enhancer in almost all fish, chicken, mushroom, soy semi-finished products, as well as in chips, crackers, sauces, various dry seasonings, bouillon cubes and dry soups. Not a single dish in a fast food restaurant can do without flavor enhancers. At the same time, manufacturers exceed all permissible norms - the maximum dosage of this additive should be no more than 1.5 g per 1 kg or 2 liters of product. In reality, it is added to food several times more. How they influence. The most famous flavor enhancer is monosodium glutamate E621. This supplement has been the subject of intense controversy for many years. American neurophysiologist John Olney discovered in the mid-70s of the last century that monosodium glutamate can cause brain damage in rats. And Japanese scientist Hiroshi Oguro recently proved that this food supplement has an adverse effect on the retina of the eye. 30% of people who often eat food with monosodium glutamate complain of headaches, increased heart rate, muscle weakness, fever and fullness in the chest. Especially often this supplement is used in oriental cuisine, so experts combined the described symptoms with the term "Chinese restaurant syndrome." Monosodium glutamate is a salt of glutamine amino acid that enters the body with food (for example, there is a lot of it in celery root), says the nutritionist. Olga Fedorova - This amino acid and its salts are involved in the transmission of impulses in the central nervous system, have a stimulating effect and are used in psychiatry. By itself, this product has neither taste nor smell, but has an amazing property to enhance the taste of any dish. who frequently consumes monosodium glutamate, natural foods seem tasteless as taste receptors become insensitive, thus becoming addicted to the "delicious" seasoning." Please note that in order not to scare off the buyer, manufacturers do not always call the E621 seasoning by its name. Sometimes she hides under the mysterious wording "flavor additive" or "flavor enhancer". Moreover, sometimes E622 (potassium glutamate) is hidden under such a wording - an "improver" that is forbidden to be used in our country. Note that out of 18 known flavor enhancers, only 6 are allowed in Russia. But even they can hardly be considered useful.
Sweeter than sugar and honey
E from 900 to 999 - defoamers, glazing agents, sweeteners, baking powder. As the name implies, these additives prevent or reduce foam formation, create a shiny smooth shell, provide a sweet taste to the product and make the dough more fluffy. Like flavor enhancers, sweeteners (aspartame, cyclamate, saccharin, etc.) are extremely convenient for manufacturers: for example, to obtain the same taste, aspartame requires 200 times less than sugar, saccharin (E954) - 500 times less, sucralose (E955) - 600 times, and thaumatin (E957) - 200,000 times. How do they influence. Defoamers, glazing agents and baking powder do not pose a great danger to the body, which cannot be said about natural sugar substitutes - sweeteners. The most common sweetener today is aspartame, found in over 6,000 products. It is to him that doctors make the most serious claims. It turns out that at 30 degrees aspartame begins to decompose into methanol (methyl alcohol) and formaldehyde, which is considered one of the worst carcinogens. Constant intake of aspartame often causes headaches, ringing in the ears, allergies and depression. "These sweeteners are widely used in the production of soft drinks," comments Olga Fedorova. "Meanwhile, they are known to increase appetite and cause thirst, which is very convenient for manufacturers: the more you drink a drink with a sweetener, the more thirsty. Even if you have nothing to lose but your thirst, such drinks are unlikely to help part with it. And for people with metabolic disorders, diseases of the kidneys and the cardiovascular system, sweeteners are simply contraindicated. "E-additives banned in Russia E121 - citrus red, dye. E123 - red amaranth, dye. E240 - formaldehyde, preservative. E125, E126, E130, E131, E143, E152, E210, E211, E213-217, E240, E330, E447. Allergens: E230, E231, E232, E239, E311-313.
Here is a list of the most dangerous preservatives that cause:
malignant tumors (cancer): E131, E142, E152, E210, E211, E213, E217, E240, E330, E447;
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: E221, E222, E223, E224, E225, E226, E320, E321, E322, E328, E339, E340, E341, E 405, E407, E461, E462, E463, E464, E465, E466;
diseases of the liver and kidneys: E171, E172, E173, E320, E321, E322.
But other preservatives, the use of which is also prohibited in developed countries: E 102-105, E110-111, E120-127, E130, E141, E150, E180, E212, E215-216, E230-232, E238, E241, E250, E311, E312, E313, E450, E477. What are the first signs of vitamin deficiency? How do you know what is missing in your food? In the first four stages of nutritional deficiency, it is impossible to identify the "culprit of hidden hunger": these first four stages are always the same:
Stage I Irritability (a person or animal reacts inadequately to stimuli, shows unreasonable aggression, their sleep and appetite are disturbed).
Stage II Fatigue (lethargy, drowsiness, fatigue from a load that was previously easily tolerated, depression).
Stage III Violation of immunity (this is not only chronic infections, but also allergies and autoimmune diseases, and cancer).
Stage IV Reproductive disorders (i.e. reproduction, reproduction of offspring - these are hormonal disorders, early menopause, male and female infertility, not carrying a pregnancy, etc.).E-200 Sorbic acid May cause skin reactions.
E-209** Para-hydroxybenzoic acid heptyl ester
E-210 Benzoic acid May provoke asthma attacks.
Е-213** Calcium benzoate
E-214** Para-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester Banned in several countries
E-215** Para-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt Banned in several countries
E-216** Para-hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester
E-217** Para-hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester sodium salt Banned in several countries
E-218** Para-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester Possible skin allergic reactions
E-219** Para-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester sodium salt Banned in several countries
E-220 Sulfur dioxide Use with caution in people with renal insufficiency.
E-221 Sodium sulfite
E-225** Potassium sulfite
E-226** Calcium sulfite Banned in several countries
Е-227** Calcium hydrosulfite Banned in several countries
E-228** Potassium hydrosulfite (potassium bisulfite)
E-230** Biphenyl, diphenyl Banned in several countries
E-231** Orthophenylphenol Banned in several countries
Е-232** Sodium orthophenylphenol
E-233** Thiabendazole Banned in several countries
E-234 Nizin
E-235 Natamycin (pimaricin) May cause allergic reactions, nausea, diarrhea
E-236 Formic acid Banned in several countries
Е-237** Sodium formate Banned in several countries
Е-238** Capcium formate Banned in several countries
E-239 Hexamethylenetetramine Banned in several countries
Е-240* Formaldehyde Banned in Russia Banned in a number of countries
E-241** Guaiac resin
E-249 Potassium nitrite Possibly a carcinogen. Not allowed in baby food
E-252** Potassium nitrate Its use is restricted in many countries
E-261 Potassium acetate Should be avoided by people with kidney disease
E-262 Sodium acetate sodium acetate, sodium hydroacetate (sodium diacetate)
Е-263** Calcium acetate
E-264** Ammonium acetate May cause nausea.
E-281** Sodium propionate May cause migraine
Е-282** Calcium propionate The same
Е-283** Potassium propionate The same
Е-284 Boric acid
E-285 Sodium tetraborate (borax)
E-296 Malic (malonic) acid Not recommended for infants and young children
E-297 Fumaric acid
Flavor and aroma enhancers (E-600 - E-699)
Code Name Notes
E-620 Glutamic acid. Salt substitute Not recommended for use in baby food
E-621 Monosodium glutamate Prohibited for use in baby food
E-622** Potassium glutamate monosubstituted May cause nausea, diarrhea, colic
Е-625** Magnesium glutamate
Е-627 Disubstituted sodium guanylate Prohibited for use in baby food
E-629** Calcium 5-guanylate
E-630 Inosic acid
Е-631 Disubstituted sodium inosinate Prohibited for use in baby food
Е-635** Disubstituted sodium 5-ribonucleotides Banned in a number of countries
Dyes (E-100 -- E-199)
Code Name Notes
E-100 Curcumins
E-102 Tartrazine Causes asthma attacks Banned in some countries
Е-103** Alkanet, alkanine
E-104 Quinoline yellow Causes dermatitis. Banned in some countries
E-107** Yellow 2 G Use with caution in asthma
E-110 Sunset Yellow FCF, Orange Yellow S May cause allergic reactions, nausea. Banned in several countries.
E-120 Cochineal; carminic acid; carmine Some health organizations advise avoiding it.
>!E-121* Citrus red 2 Banned in Russia! Banned in several countries.
Е-122 Azorubine, carmoisine Banned in a number of countries.
!E-123* Amaranth Banned in Russia! Banned in several countries. Incl. causes malformations in the fetus
E-124 Ponceau 4R (crimson 4R), cochineal red A Banned in some countries. Carcinogen. Causes asthma attacks.
E-125** Ponceau, crimson SX
E-127** Erythrosine Banned in a number of countries. May cause thyroid overactivity.
E-128** Red 2G Banned in some countries.
E-129 Charming red AS Carcinogen. Banned in some countries
E-131 Proprietary Blue V Banned in several countries
E-132 Indigotine, indigo carmine May cause nausea, fever and other allergic reactions Banned in Norway
E-133 Brilliant Blue FCF Banned in several countries
E-142 Green S Banned in some countries
E-151 Black shiny BN, black PN Banned in some countries
E-153** Vegetable charcoal Banned in the USA
E-154** Brown FK Banned in the USA
E-155** Brown HT Banned in some countries
Е-160с Paprika extra, capsanthin, capsorubin Banned in a number of countries
E-160d** Lycopene
E-166** Sandalwood
E-173** Aluminum Banned in several countries
E-174** Silver Banned in several countries
E-175** Gold Banned in several countries
E-180** Ruby Lithol VK Banned in a number of countries
E-181 Food tannins
E-182** Orsail, orsin
Glazing agents, bread and flour improvers and other substances (E-900 - E-999)
Code Name Notes
E-900 Dimethylpolysiloxane
E-901 Beeswax, white and yellow Allergic reactions possible
Е-902 Candle wax The same
Е-903 Carnauba wax Obtained from palm trees growing in Africa
E-904 Shellac Extracted from insects Allergic reactions possible
E-905a Vaseline oil "food"
E-905b Vaseline
Е-905c Paraffin
Е-906** Benzoin resin
Е-908** Rice bran wax
E-909** Spermaceti wax
Е-910** Wax esters
E-911** Fatty acid methyl esters
Е-912 Esters of montanic acid
Е-913** Lanolin
E-914 Oxidized polyethylene wax
E-916 Calcium iodate Used to enrich foodstuffs with iodine
E-917 Potassium iodate The same
Е-918** Nitrogen oxides
Е-919** Nitrosyl chloride
E-920 L- cysteine
Е-922** Potassium persulfate
E-923** Ammonium persulfate
Е-924а-b** Calcium, sodium bromate Banned in Russia!
Е-925** Chlorine
E-926** Chlorine Lioxide Carcinogen
E-927b Carbamide
E-928 Benzoyl peroxide
Е-929** Acetone peroxide
E-930 Calcium peroxide
Е-938# Argon
Е-939# Helium
E-940 Dichlorodifluoromethane freon-12
Е-941 Nitrogen
Е-942* Diazomonoxide
E-943a* Butane
Е-943b** Isobutane
Е-944* Propane
E-945* Chlopentafluoroethane
Е-946** Octafluorocyclobutane
E-948 Oxygen
E-950 Acesulfame potassium
E-951 Aspartame Sugar substitute Huge number of side effects
Е-952 Cyclamic acid and its sodium, potassium and calcium salts Sugar substitute. Banned in the US and UK, considered a carcinogen
Е-953 Isomaltite
Е-954 Saccharin and its sodium, potassium and calcium salts Sugar substitute. Restrictions on its use in the US, according to some reports a carcinogen
E-957** Thaumatin Natural sugar substitute
Е-959** Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone
E-958 Glycyrrhizin
Е-965 Maltitol maltitol syrup
E-966 Lactitol
E-967 Xylitol Causes stone and kidney disease in laboratory animals
E-999 Quillaia Extract A naturally occurring substance that causes rich foaming in carbonated drinks, beer.
what a terrible life...
It's scary what we eat...
"Know how to distinguish the blood on the hands of a doctor, from the blood on the hands of an executioner"
Speaking of vitamin E.
coincidence, I'm reading one book right now - Ch. Bukowski "Women". so there the main character, supposedly a sex giant. he is over 50, but his sex life is in full swing, he has a lot of women and blah blah blah ... so he says (hero) that he constantly drinks vitamin E - they say it has a good effect on potency))
And what about vitamin e? :)
I also somehow read similar articles, began to pay attention to E,
then another came across, that not everything is so scary, that "not all E are the same" (c)For probably a year now, we have been carefully paying attention to the composition of the purchased products, the most terrible conclusion is that all sweets are solid E, the more colorful the packaging, the more E (((
And this is what I would like to comment on.
Coming to the store, we are constantly faced with various imported products, which include various food additives: preservatives, dyes, emulsifiers, etc. The purchase and delivery to Russia or the production of low-quality products are profitable, as they bring considerable income. But it turns out that this is not enough. Huge incomes for Western firms are brought by the production and supply of refined (purified) products.
NOT ONLY imported, in our local products exactly the same E, for example, just yesterday I bought Novok products. kondit. factories, "lingonberry pie", it would seem, where is E, but no :) I found at home in small print (((
like this :(
Prejudice against food additivesMany people think that literally all food additives are “chemicals” and therefore definitely harmful, but in fact, food additives are used to meet certain food industry hygiene standards approved by regulatory authorities.
Some additives are indeed harmful in large doses - for example, E250 (sodium nitrite in sausages), but in practice they are not banned, since this is the "lesser evil" that ensures the presentation of the product and, consequently, sales volume (suffice it to compare the red color store-bought sausage with the dark brown color of homemade sausage), and the amount of E250 in the sausage is small. For smoked sausages of high grades, the nitrite content norm is set higher than for boiled sausages - it is believed that they are eaten in smaller quantities. Many consumers will be displeased to learn that the pink color of some yogurts comes from the addition of cochineal (E120), a dried insect powder.
Other additives can be considered quite safe (citric acid, lactic acid, sucrose, etc.). However, it should be understood that the method of synthesis of certain additives in different countries is different, so their danger can vary greatly. For example, microbiologically obtained synthetic acetic acid or citric acid may contain heavy metal impurities, the content of which is standardized differently in different countries. Over time, as analytical methods develop and new toxicological data become available, government regulations for the content of impurities in dietary supplements may be revised.
However, it should be taken into account that some additives that were previously considered harmless (for example, formaldehyde E240 in chocolate bars or E121 in soda water) were later recognized as dangerous and banned; in addition, additives that are harmless for one person can have a strong harmful effect on another. Therefore, doctors recommend, if possible, to protect children, the elderly and allergy sufferers from nutritional supplements.
Note that for marketing purposes, many manufacturers do not list the ingredients with the letter code E. They replace them with the name of the supplement, such as "monosodium glutamate", which is misleading to the uninformed buyer.
Message from Juicer
I am glad that you are aware of the problem of my post and are fully aware of what is sold in our stores. If everyone were as well informed as you are, then our nation as a whole would be healthier than anyone else in the world.To my shame, I confess that before reading this article, I paid little attention to all sorts of E. No, well, I knew of course, but I let everything at random. I will be careful what I eat in the future. And I will be extremely glad if my post helped someone else decide on the choice of food for themselves.
